Who Kidnapped me? Wanted Person No: 0033-C		Home Najar Kidnapping	In Short Sent-Complain Letters	Published: 23.01.2012 Updated: 23.01.2012, 29.01.2012
		Who Kidnapped me?	Why was I kidnapped?	How was I kidnapped/Brainwashed?
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Name and Aliases	Newt Gingrich another hidden Rockefeller and Bush family member that used the identity of my fake stepfather Mohi Sabri in Cairo, Egypt from around 1962/63 to 1968 Note: While I was working on the profile “Who are my parents? Re-analysis, trying to find my real parents!!!” I derailed into Newt Gingrich alias another person disguised as my fake stepfather Mohi Sabri. So I split the profile in to “two Who are my parents” and this one of Newt Gingrich 1. This person is identified as a top ex-Soviet Union spy from 1968 that either faked his entire history through the CIA director and his Russian Colleague ex-CIA director, ex-USA vice president and ex-USA president George H. W. Bush one of the major architect of bombing the World Trade center to help the Russian succeed with Afghanistan that were in Afghanistan hiding and locating the controlling family and covered up by Osama ben Laden and the Bush Administration then killed these controlling family falsely as the alleged bomber of the world Trade center. It is possible that the Russian killed the original Newt Gingrich and took his place. He can also be what is also called double agent, however and with absolute no doubt this man is one of the top enemies of USA. See new photos and their comments for more information. 2. his person Newt Gingrich is identified as a person that used the identity of my fake stepfather Mohi Sabri in Cairo, Egypt and raped me sexually as a part of a long term brainwash, for more details see the profile of Mohi Sabri 3. Most probably one of the following persons were his body guards: 3.1. Nick Naggar disguised as Mohamad Nashaat Naggar (this is my best guess) 3.2. An unknown person disguised as Fadia Nagar alias Fadia Shawki and or exchanging places with her, whereby the majority of the persons that used the identity Fadia Nagar are men disguised as women and many of them are a combination of nanny and a bodyguard for the hidden children of the Rockefeller family and other families (this is possible but unlikely) 3.3. An unknown person that exchanged places with my fake mother Hayat Baroudi for a few weeks as a bodyguard or else what (this is my 2^nd best guess) 4. This person is identified as exchanged places with the German politician Jürgen Möllemann by among others using the identity of my fake stepfather Mohi Sabri in Cairo, Egypt and at least from 1962/63 to 1968 and most probably also in Germany and in other countries such as Saudi Arabia For more details see the profile of Mohi Sabri
Name in Arabic	محي الصبري \ صبري
Relation to me	My fake step father that came on and off to live with us for a few days to a few weeks
First saw/met	Uncertain around 1962/63
Age at that time	see the profile of Mohi Sabri
Last saw/met	1968 and in 1969 in Frankfurt Germany but it was another one lookalike as distraction of this one called Newt Gingrich see continuation below under “Special Crimes Against Me”.
Hidden biological relatives	Rockefeller and European royalties
Allegedly Died On	Still alive
Surrounding me during	see the profile of Mohi Sabri My persecution and brainwash by my fake family that consisted of some of my biological family members of the Windsor, Rockefeller, Kennedy and Bush families that were eager and would do anything to cover up their real identities in the Middle East, including killing innocent people. During a period when Siemens AG was trying hard to get my attention to what my fake family was actually doing. During a period when the German police was constantly persecuting me to use me and prove that my fake families are terrorists and drug lords. During a period when the Americans disguised as German in and around Munich, Germany such as Unterschleissheim, Hoehenbrunn, Unterhaching, Baldham and other, were desperate to shut me up in that they persecuted me and brainwashed me while pretending to be German Christians. During a period when all of them together were preparing either to kill me or kidnap me to USA, which they did. During a period when my fake and biological families persecuted me very viciously after I discovered that they were printing a fake Quran in cooperation with the Saudi Arabian government at the Clett Verlag in Stuttgart, Germany to implicate the alleged German Nazis that were allegedly hiding in the Middle East, in short to implicate the Germans, because Germany was used by USA and England as scapegoat for all the crimes they were performing in the hidden and described within this website, such as terrorism, drugs and mass child kidnapping and molestation to create as many children as quick as possible that they can brainwash and claim them to be native of the Middle East. During a persistent period that my fake and biological families tried to link me to PLO and Palestinian terrorists. My brainwash, enslaving with the help of the CIA, Mosad, American/English/Syrian military intelligence under their agent whore Najlaa Mahmoud and kidnapping to USA through the illegal American/English/Syrian military intelligence project Calypso and in cooperation with the brainwash and kidnap company UDF Consulting AG in cooperation with professor Dr. Fischer alias Ali Bark, Dr. Farzat Baroudi alias professor Joachim Sauer and Mr. Ruge alias John D. Rockefeller the Third and USA vice-president and later USA president George H. W. Bush. Where they kept me letterly as hostage and slave for 15 years in USA and then dumped me in Holland identity and legal paperless to force me to live as a refugee with absolute no rights what so ever as cover up for all the crimes they performed against me and against humanity.
Height	see the profile of Mohi Sabri	Weight	see the profile of Mohi Sabri	Skin Color	see the profile of Mohi Sabri
Hair Color	see the profile of Mohi Sabri	Eye Color	see the profile of Mohi Sabri	Religion	see the profile of Mohi Sabri
Special Features	see the profile of Mohi Sabri
Special Crimes Against Me	Raped me sexually and conspired to repeatedly get me raped by many as a part of a long term brainwash and to let everyone persecute me as an alleged homosexual. For more detail information see the profile of Mohi Sabri. Continuation from “Last saw/met”: 1968 and in 1969 in Frankfurt Germany but it was another one lookalike as distraction of this one called Newt Gingrich. A few months later I was taken to the concentrated evil American military base McGraw kasern where I was severely brainwashed and put on a leash under the control of the CIA agent Anita Disbray to keep me under their control and prevent of thinking, remembering my past, understand it or even understand that I am being kept as slave and hostage by Anita Disbray and all the CIA agents surrounding me with other CIA agent and retired American military staff that pretended to be German Evangelical Lutheran Christian in the CIA Genezareth church of the CIA city Unterschleissheim, Germany whereby all of them that helped keep me brainwashed and enslaved under the control of Anita Disbray until 1977 and then and due to an interference of an unknown called John Mueller they changed their strategy and pretended to separate me of Anita Disbray. I strongly suspect John Mueller to be a background top investor of the company BASF (90%) or Siemens AG (10%).

See more description/Details below the photograph

Note: The photos below, to the right and to the left including the explanations show that this is the Rockefeller work based on win-win situation by placing George W. Bush (my brother and Republican) for presidency and on the other side the opposition John F. Kerry (my brother-in-law and Democrat), and I am the link to both as the photos below shows. They think that the American public and other politicians are very stupid!
Photo-A01: Newt Gingrich in Germany and in Egypt using among others the identity of my fake stepfather Mohi Sabri Photo-A02: Jürgen Möllemann that exchanged places with (Added on 29-.01.2012) Photo-A03 + Photo-A04: Newt Gingrich in comparison with James E. Robinson the official grandfather of ex-USA-first-lady Barbara Pierce Bush (Added on 29-.01.2012) Photo-A05 + Photo-A06: James E. Robinson Grandfather (mother side) of ex-USA-first-lady Barbara Pierce Bush alias Hisham Jumaiee the neighbors and friend of my fake sister Fadia Nagar in Cairo, Egypt right in the middle of a total secured military zone called Al-Mazah, where it is very visible that Newt Gingrich is directly related to James E. Robinson, if he is not his son. This in addition of the several Russian spies and double agents I discovered around my life from 1969 to 1977, makes Newt Gingrich an ex-Soviet Union spy from Egypt with a fake history fabricated by the CIA=Double agents=ex-CIA Director in 1975/76=George H. W. Bush=ex-USA vice president and ex-USA president=the Bush family are mainly Russian agents that were working very closely with the Rockefeller family to destroy the freedom in USA and keep USA under their control from inside out enable the Rockefeller family can maintain control of the worldwide petroleum, and all this is very easy to prove, the Rockefeller family owns several of the top Russian petroleum companies also in Kazakhstan, where I was dragged into one of these projects in 1998 called CPC-Caspian Pipeline Consortium by the bush family to show as if I am originated from Russia or as if I am a Russian spy as distraction of their selves. For more details on this Russian/ex-Soviet Union spy ring that I discovered see the profile of Bodyguards of Moamar Khadafi alias my fake uncle Dr. Farzat Baroudi, while simultaneously implicating me as terrorist through my client James Brasher the CEO of the company ACPI-Associated canvas products, Inc., because he exchanged places with King Abdallah of Jordan and I never noticed that until a few days ago, and that because as King Abdallah and as he pretended to be James Brasher he had a full thin beard so I did not recognize him, and he was ordering a huge water container by James Brasher enable they can transport it to Jordan the water free/less country. King Abdullah’s father king Hussein of Jordan is the twin brother of the international terrorist Yasser Arafat, and both exchanges places together, while confusing the life out of and killing the Jewish, Israeli and Palestinians. This mean James Brasher is also Russian that was taking the blame for the Bush family And there with is my fake niece Esmat Shawki is the daughter of Newt Gingrich with some Egyptian woman as a part of some illegal drug deal, because Egypt is one of the top hidden drug countries in the world and that make George W. Bush not only a liar that Afghanistan is the biggest drug country but also covering up for his Russian colleague Newt Gingrich for so long, and that explain why Esmat Shawki and Essam Shawki face features are similar to Newt Gingrich, just darker skin, that also explain Esmat Shawki being married to an Iranian terrorist related to Ayatollah Khomeini, but also that her alleged brother Tarek Ali is the hidden son of Osama ben Laden, because my fake sister Fadia Naggar and her alleged husband Dr. Alaa Ali are nothing else that a cheap second class actors covering up the fact that they are bodyguards and nannies for Esmat Shawki, Essam Shawki and Tarek Ali, possibly and in between they have other children to raise. (Added on 29-.01.2012) Photo-A5: Newt Gingrich in comparison with Essam Shawki alias prince Hashem of Jordan. They think because they hide as diplomat and princes they become untouchable	Photo-BA: John D. Rockefeller junior the second as he was younger in 1930s and 1940s Photo-BB: John D. Rockefeller junior the second alias my fake granduncle Fuad Khayat as I saw him in 1959 in the American military secret camp that simulated the city Damascus, Syria and again as I saw him several times within a period of 2-3 months in Cairo, Egypt, where he told me he is going to America to his children, while in reality he had several housing in Cairo, Egypt and elsewhere and was totally and absolutely and negatively manipulating my life from the background. This I just remembered, I saw him again in the end of the year 1967 disguised as my fake grandaunt Umrateb, the official sister of my grandmother Samiyath Khayat and my granduncle Fuad Khayat. In other words he was disguising as his family members when and where ever he wanted. But also he disguised as my fake mother Hayat Baroudi. As you can see he disguises as so many persons around my life, and it is very difficult for me to figure it out, but the pictures on the right do not lie and it is very visible that he does disguise as any one he wants, often with a simple change such as putting on a head scarf, eye glasses and/or women closing, but also heavy makeup various shapes of fake teeth that totally alter the look of his jaw
Photo-A01 and Photo-A02 Photo-A03 and Photo-A04 Photo-A05 and photo-A06
Photo-A03 Newt Gingrich with his first wife that was a man disguised as a woman	Note: I strongly believe that the first 5 photos below numbered Photo-A01 to Photo-A05 are all of the same person disguised under these identities and this person is my biological father John D. Rockefeller Junior the second that faked his death in 1960 and I saw him several times after that in Egypt, Germany, USA and very possibly also in other countries I just did not discover it yet Photo-B01: Ex-German chancellor Helmut Schmidt that exchanged places with his father John D. Rockefeller junior the second Photo-B02: Mary Elizabeth Tennant of the Rockefeller Foundation that used to exchange places with John D. Rockefeller junior the second Photo-B03: The actual photograph of John D. Rockefeller junior the second that pretended to be the tailor for prostitutes and Hollywood stars in Westport Connecticut from 1988-1989 Photo-B04: the photo that was forced upon me by the German/American CIA whore Najlaa Mahmoud and want to force me to think that this is my mother, but she is not, this is a different person that I saw only once in 1987 in Bridgeport Connecticut and may be twice in 1984 and in both cases they want to force me by ESP and brainwash to think this is the woman that raised me from 1959 to 1968, but she is not. See the profile of my fake mother to see who kidnapped me from USA to Cairo, Egypt over Saudi Arabia and Damascus, Syria in 1959 and then disappeared in 1961 and was replaced by another lookalike The most important thing is that this woman’s eyes are buffed and my original fake mother eyes are the absolute opposite. Photo-B05: The official photo of Teresa Heinz Kerry the wife of the American senator and in 2004 ex-USA president elect John F. Kerry, but it is not, this is another man in disguise as Teresa Heinz Kerry to help John F. Kerry with the election by using all his hidden children all over USA
Photo-A04 Newt Gingrich in 1960s disguised with eye glasses that he really does not need
Photo-A05: Newt Gingrich with his first wife that was a man disguised as a woman	Photo-B06: this is USA senator John F. Kerry with a man disguised as Teresa Heinz Kerry, this is the official election photo of the year 2004, where senator John F. Kerry lost to his cousin George W. Bush alias my brother
Photo-A06: Newt Gingrich with someone, possible another hidden Rockefeller family member	Photo-B07: This is the photo of the actual Teresa Heinz Kerry, a beautiful woman that does not need any makeup, unless to hide that a man was using her place during the election time and in case of winning then also during the presidency
Photo-A07: Newt Gingrich with the absolute same person that exchanged places with the identity as my fake sister Fadia Nagar, just with a slightly different disguise, alias Fadia Shawki the wife of Afaf Shawki until 1966 alias the ex-Egyptian president Hosni Mubarak. And that is why they faked a divorce and replaced this man disguised as Marianne Gingrich with another man disguised as his wife named “Callista Louise Gingrich” , because and while they kept me as slave and hostage in Houston, Texas, USA from 1990 to 2000in I recognized that this person Newt Gingrich has identical look to Mohi Sabri and they wanted to avoid that I also recognize his wife as the same person as Fadia Nagar from Egypt and then I know it them because both can’t be coincident	Photo-B08: This is 100% one of the persons that was disguised as my fake sister Fadia Nagar alias Fadia Shawki the wife of Afaf Shawki until 1966 alias the ex-Egyptian president Hosni Mubarak. Photo-B08: a man disguised Marianna Gingrich to help Newt Gingrich win the elections to become USA president, but something went wrong, me, I started to relate Newt Gingrich to my fake stepfather Mohi Sabri alias Jürgen Möllemann that officially committed suicide in 2003 and I was set up to discover him enable to distract me among others of Newt Gingrich, which is a very old trick that my fake and biological family continue to use on me by pointing me out to a dead person to force my mind to stop looking for additional persons that are more important and more dangerous such as Newt Gingrich that if become president is going to top George W. Bush and George H. W. Bush in stealing the American budget while waging a huge war and mass killing people to steal a new land, most probably Iran, North Korea and several weak African countries
	Photo-B09: This is the actual Marianne Gingrich, look closely and you wil notice the big and major difference, which is the distance between the nose and the upper lip by this one the real female is much shorter than by the imposter that has a much wider space between the nose and the upper lip as shown in “Photo-08” and all over the internet, I just captured a few Photo-B10: Most probably as a result I starting to relate Newt Gingrich to Mohi Sabri in 1980s and 1990s, now there is a new man in house called “Callista Louise Gingrich”. Typical name of a man planned long time ago to use a woman identity and naming it twice female “Callista Louise” just all my fake family members that pretend to be Arab Moslems and give their selves useless double names Mohamad Nashaat or Mohamad Farzat, in matter of fact most to all members of my fake family named Mohamad plus additional first name, and they call that honorary name to the prophet Mohamad that was no one else than Mahatma=Mohamad Ghandi that used to pretend to be Hindu while 100% controlling Islam in India as a weapon against the English invaders until he reached an agreement with them to his satisfaction by creating a new Islamic countries such as East Pakistan (now called Bangladesh), West Pakistan and above all a new fake center of Islam called Saudi Arabia where no one can ever verify the truth, and that is what they thought, but I, among many others, did discover that Islam did not originate from Saudi Arabia but from India. Any way back to Gingrich and his transvestite woman that has a double female name “Callista Louise” which is absolute the same pattern as the famous Austrian/German actor Klaus Maria Brandauer that intended to be jumping in women identities
Photo-B12: This woman is possible the hidden daughter of this man disguised as “Callista Louise Gingrich”, but this is not why I choose this photograph; I chose this photograph because it shows an expression of a real woman, a feminine look or a feminine charisma!! By the way this woman is also called Callista but her last name is Flockhart she is an actress and the official wife of the famous actor Harrison Ford. Callista Flockhart is born on November 11, 1964, this mean she is 2 years older than “Callista Louise Gingrich”, yet the photos to the right of “Callista Louise Gingrich” shows clearly that she is at least 20-40 years older than Callista Flockhart! Go figure it out, Hollywood here and Hollywood there in the Congress, Hollywood in the Senate, Hollywood in the Ronald Reagan and continuous until and including Barak Obama and thereafter, but also Hollywood possibly next door to you, just as it was all my life, because all my neighbors were CIA, FBI, military intelligence, Secret Service and private very vicious bodyguards often also men disguised as women and this from 1959 and until even today in January 2012, but since 3 years I resignated and don’t care anymore.	Photo-B11: “Callista Louise Gingrich” a man disguised as a woman, which is very visible in this photo a very older man, most probably born in 1940s or earlier with a lot of makeup, but beside that, he most definitely has fake teeth, why would a person born in 1966=46 years old have fake teeth?, beside it is also visible that this person has a lot of skin wrinkles that point out he is much older than 46 years old. I am 59 years old and most definitely don’t have all these wrinkles. Also the face expression is never of a woman, but rather of a furious man that is very angry and is provoked to be discovered as a man but also it is a face expression of a man that think of himself as the ultimate smart and intelligence and everyone else is an idiot and/or stupid.
Photo-B12: Possible the hidden daughter of this man, but this is not why I choose this photograph; I chose this photograph because it shows an expression of a real woman, a feminine look or a feminine charisma!! By the way this woman is also called Callista Flockhart she is an actress and the official wife of the famous actor Harrison Ford. Callista Flockhart is born on November 11, 1964, this mean she is 2 years older than “Callista Louise Gingrich”, yet the above photos of “Callista Louise Gingrich” shows clearly that she is at least 20-40 years older than Callista Flockhart! Go figure it out, Hollywood her and Hollywood there in the Congress, Hollywood in the Senate, Hollywood in the Ronald Reagan and continuous until and including Barak Obama and thereafter, but also Hollywood possibly next door to you, just as it was all my life, because all my neighbors were CIA, FBI, military intelligence, Secret Service and private very vicious bodyguards often also men disguised as women and this from 1959 and until even today in January 2012, but since 3 years I resignate and don’t care anymore.	Photo-B13: “Callista Louise Gingrich” trying hard to show as if she is a woman, which is a typical election photo, that they make of a man dressed as a woman and absolutely alone far away of the crowd where he can concentrate and act as if he is really a woman. But here again the feminine charisma is totally missing, we are born with either a feminine charisma or a male charisma, and this is most definitely male trying hard to act as female but not succeeded for the experience eye, my eye, because I was raised practically and to 90% by men disguised as women and I did not know that until I started to discover them one by one from the year 2006 and until today, almost 6 years of analysis and writing down my finding in form of these complaint pages since the summer of 2007. From summer 2006 and until summer 2007 I was mainly writing down manually, that was totally unorganized and difficult to track, yet and manually I wrote probably around one thousand pages (1000), every week I used to buy at least one writing block of 100 pages and fill it up to free my mind of all the accumulated brainwash trash since 1959, just like a huge of container that has mainly trash on the top and underneath is all missed up, mixed up and totally unrecognizable. I even may still have some of my original hand writing that you can also down load because I edited most of them in January 2007 in to Microsoft Word documents and it became from around 1000 hand written pages to around 200 Microsoft word pages (Click here to download them). So I kept on writing until I was able to afford a second hand computer for 175 Euro payable in 4-5 installments and then the police next door and without talking to me, but by creating a situation to force me to come to the police station and see a wanted profiles on the computers that gave me the idea of writing my complaints pages in form of wanted profiles because I was and I am partly still surrounded by organized crime family members that each does something to pretend to help me but in reality performing a huge damage to my life or mental status or my physical wellbeing, such as pulling all my 17 teeth in July 2011 and ever since I have pain and my self-esteem is totally shot to hell!!
Below is a copy from www.wikipedia.org over Newt Gingrich and his alleged feminine 3 wives!	Conclusion: “Callista Louise Gingrich” is a man disguised as a woman set by the Rockefeller family just as they set Ronald Reagan, George H. W. Bush, George W. Bush and everyone in between and until Barak Obama that pretend to be Mr. nice guy, but he is not, because the first thing on his agenda was to confirm that George W. Bush is right and that the economy is very bad and we must borrow another 700 Billion US Dollars to bail out the banks, and therewith and within only 6 months George W. Bush and his cousin Barak Obama forced a debt on the American government of 1,5 Trillion USA dollar between October 2008 (=George W. Bush) and March 2009 (=Barak Obama) and therewith there were no more money to help Americans save their own house that were being repossessed by the very same banks that stole money of their own banks and they filed for bankruptcy enable to force the American government to bail them out with this 1.5 Trillion US Dollar (0.2 or 0.3 went not to banks and they did not bail out General Motors with it’s over 200,000 worldwide employees !) and therewith is Barak Obama no good and I don’t know if and when we ever get a good president administration in USA or in any other country in our world and the best prove for that is me and that I am still a refugee in the heart of the so called free civilized world and made homeless by the American government under the control of the Rockefeller and it is branch the Bush family

Other Descriptions/Details

Name and Aliases
Profession under Alias
Official Nationality
Countries Lived In
Official Address
Disguise Methods
Official Family Members	Father
	Mother
	Sisters
	Brothers
	Cousins	See “Rockefeller Family tree”
	Spouse
	Children
	Other Relatives	See “Rockefeller Family tree”
Biological Family Members	Father
	Mother
	Sisters
	Brothers
	Cousins	See “Rockefeller Family tree”
	Spouse
	Children
	Other Relatives	See “Rockefeller Family tree”
Friends of the Family
Official Businesses
Businesses Partners:
Illegal Businesses
Other Knowledge		Will follow

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Callista Louise Gingrich

Callista Louise Gingrich, née Bisek^[1] (born March 4, 1966) is the third wife of former Speaker of the United States House of Representatives Newt Gingrich,^[3] and the President of Gingrich Productions, a multimedia production company based in Washington, D.C.^[4]

Callista Louise Gingrich
Callista Gingrich, October 2007
Born	Callista Louise Bisek^[1] March 4, 1966 (1966-03-04) (age 45) Whitehall, Wisconsin, USA
Nationality	American
Alma mater	Luther College (Iowa)
Occupation	President of Gingrich Productions
Known for	Third wife of former House Speaker Newt Gingrich
Political party	Republican
Religion	Roman Catholic^[2]
Spouse	Newt Gingrich (m. 2000) «start: (2000)»"Marriage: Newt Gingrich to Callista Gingrich" Location: (linkback://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Callista_Gingrich)
Website
Gingrich Productions

Contents

[hide]

· 1 Early life, education and early career

· 2 Multimedia productions

· 3 Charitable work and other activities

· 4 Personal life

· 5 References

· 6 External links

Early life, education and early career

Gingrich was born Callista Louise Bisek to Alphonse Emil Bisek and Bernita (Krause) Bisek.^[1] She graduated as valedictorian from Whitehall Memorial High School in Whitehall, Wisconsin, in 1984,^[5] and cum laude from Luther College in Decorah, Iowa, in 1988.^[4][6]

She worked in Washington, D.C., from 1988 until 2005 as a staffer in the U.S. House of Representatives, for the House Committee on Agriculture and in the office of Congressman Steve Gunderson (R-WI).^[4]

Multimedia productions

Gingrich and her husband host and produce historical and public policy documentaries, editorials and advocacy films. Recent films include A City Upon a Hill,^[7] America at Risk, Nine Days that Changed the World, Ronald Reagan: Rendezvous with Destiny, Rediscovering God in America, Rediscovering God in America II: Our Heritage, and We Have the Power.^[8]

Gingrich is the voice for several audio books, including To Save America; Valley Forge; 5 Principles for a Successful Life; Drill Here, Drill Now, Pay Less; The Art of Transformation; Real Change; Contract with the Earth; and Rediscovering God in America.^[4]

Gingrich's photography has been published in The New York Times and Washington Post and is featured in a photobook, Ronald Reagan: Rendezvous with Destiny, which she co-authored with Newt Gingrich and Dave Bossie.^[9] Her photography is also featured in Rediscovering God in America and is regularly displayed on Newt.org and Gingrich Productions.com.^[4]

Gingrich wrote Sweet Land of Liberty, a children’s book about American exceptionalism featuring Ellis the Elephant.^[4] It was on the The New York Times Best Seller list.^[10][11]

Charitable work and other activities

Gingrich is the president of the Gingrich Foundation, a charitable nonprofit corporation. Among its charitable contributions, the Gingrich Foundation has established the Newt L. and Callista L. Gingrich Scholarship at Luther College in Decorah, Iowa, which provides annual scholarships for instrumental music majors.^[12] She is a long-time member of the choir of the Basilica of the National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception in Washington, D.C.^[13] and plays French horn with the City of Fairfax Band in Fairfax, Virginia.^[14]

Personal life

Callista married former U.S. Speaker of the House Newt Gingrich on August 18, 2000.^[3] In 1999, Callista testified that the couple began an affair in 1993, while Newt was still married to his second wife.^[15] Callista, who is a lifelong Roman Catholic, was instrumental in her husband's conversion to Catholicism.^[2] The Gingriches currently live in McLean, Virginia.

References

1. ^ ^{a b c} Buffalo County Biographical History: Celebrating 150 Years, 1853-2003 from Google Books

2. ^ ^{a b} Sullivan, Amy (August 24, 2009). "Why Newt Gingrich Converted to Catholicism". Time. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1916297,00.html. Retrieved October 10, 2010.

3. ^ ^{a b} "National News Briefs; Gingrich Is Married In Alexandria Ceremony". The New York Times. August 20, 2000. http://www.nytimes.com/2000/08/20/us/national-news-briefs-gingrich-is-married-in-alexandria-ceremony.html. Retrieved August 14, 2010.

4. ^ ^{a b c d e f} "About Us" Gingrich Productions Website

5. ^ Whitehall Times, May 16, 1984

6. ^ Callista Gingrich, 2010 Catholic Radio Conference, http://www.catholicradioconference.com

7. ^ Lucy Madison (April 26, 2011). "Newt Gingrich to star in Citizens United movie about "American exceptionalism"". CBSNews.com. http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-503544_162-20057495-503544.html. Retrieved April 26, 2011.

8. ^ "Video" Gingrich Productions Website]

9. ^ "Newt Gingrich and Callista Gingrich honor the legacy of President Ronald Reagan with Ronald Reagan: Rendezvous with Destiny" (Press release). PRWEB. February 3, 2011. http://www.prweb.com/releases/prweb2011/02/prweb5031284.htm. Retrieved 2011-02-03.

10. ^ "Best Sellers" The New York Times

11. ^ NYTimes Best Sellers, 12/04/11

12. ^ "Directory of Endowed Scholarships: Music". Luther College. 2012. http://www.luther.edu/giving/choices/scholarship/directory/music/. Retrieved January 1, 2012.

13. ^ Mrs. Gingrich Will Sing At Cathedral Today, The Intelligencer / Wheeling News-Register, Casey Junkins, October 16, 2009.

14. ^ "City of Fairfax Band presents Bravo Broadway benefiting the Alzheimer's Association, National Capital Area Chapter". weta.org. WETA. http://www.weta.org/local/calendar/event/287402. Retrieved 28 September 2010.

15. ^ "Gingrich Friend Dates Affair To '93". Chicago Tribune. November 11, 1999. http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1999-11-11/news/9911110139_1_callista-bisek-georgia-republican-house-speaker-newt-gingrich. Retrieved July 12, 2011.

Marianne Ginther

Marianne Ginther

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Marianne Gingrich is the former wife of Newt Gingrich. She was born in 1952. ^[1]

Contents

[hide]

· 1 Family

· 2 Career

· 3 Personal life

· 4 References

[edit] Family

Marianne was born and raised in Leetonia, Ohio. Her maiden name is Ginther. She is one of four children. Her father, Harry Ginther, was mayor of the town.^[1]

She graduated from Leetonia High in 1969 ^[2]

[edit] Career

Marianne has worked in home design and was a county planning commissioner. She has also worked scouting clients for an Israeli business park.^[1] She has an undergraduate degree in business administration from Georgia State University^[3]

[edit] Personal life

Marianne married Newt Gingrich in 1981. They had a separation in the 1980’s. They were divorced in 1999. She has no children. ^[1] In 1998 she was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. ^[4]

[edit] References

1. ^ ^{a b c d} Calvin Woodward, “Marianne Gingrich makes up the quiet half of Dynamic Duo”, Rocky Mountain News, 16 February 1995

2. ^ Bob Jackson, “Speaker-elect tells Leetonia students of his ‘shy bookworm’ teen-age years”, The Vindicator, 23 December 1994

3. ^ Gail Sheehy, “The Inner Quest of Newt Gingrich”, Vanity Fair, September 1995

4. ^ John H. Richardson, “Newt Gingrich: The Indispensable Republican”

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Jackie Battley

No information found, however I added these information from: http://marriage.about.com/od/politics/a/gingrichn_2.htm

Jackie and Newt were married on June 19, 1962 while Newt was still in college. Newt was 19 years old and Jackie was 26 years old when they married. Newt's family boycotted the wedding because they thought Jackie was too old for him.

"Gingrich had a crush on his high school geometry teacher, Jackie Battley, and vowed to his high school friends that he would marry her. He made good on his intentions. He was a teenage student at Emory University in Atlanta, where Battley had taken a college teaching position, when he married

Battley/Gingrich Divorce:

During April 1980, Newt and Jackie separated. They divorced in February 1981. The hospital visit story about their divorce is disputed by their daughter Jackie Cushman.

"The most notorious incident in Gingrich's marriage ... was when he cornered Jackie in her hospital room where she was recovering from uterine cancer surgery and insisted on discussing the terms of the divorce he was seeking. Shortly after that infamous encounter, Gingrich refused to pay his alimony and child-support payments. The First Baptist Church in his hometown had to take up a collection to support the family Gingrich had deserted. Six months after divorcing Jackie, Gingrich married a younger woman, Marianne, with whom he had been having an affair."
Source: Stephen Talbot. "Newt's Glass House." Salon.com. 8/28/1998.

From below Wikipedia.org of the profile of Newt Gingrich

Gingrich has married three times. In 1962, he married Jackie Battley, his former high school geometry teacher, when he was 19 years old and she was 26.^[131][132] They have two daughters from their marriage: Kathy Gingrich Lubbers is president of Gingrich Communications,^[133] and Jackie Gingrich Cushman is an author, conservative columnist, and political commentator^[134] whose books include 5 Principles for a Successful Life, co-authored with Newt Gingrich.^[135]

Newt Gingrich

Newt Gingrich

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Newt Gingrich
Gingrich speaking at a town hall in January 2012.
58th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives
In office January 4, 1995 – January 3, 1999
President	Bill Clinton
Preceded by	Tom Foley
Succeeded by	Dennis Hastert
House Minority Whip
In office March 20, 1989 – January 3, 1995
Leader	Robert H. Michel
Preceded by	Dick Cheney
Succeeded by	David E. Bonior
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Georgia's 6th district
In office January 3, 1979 – January 3, 1999
Preceded by	Jack Flynt
Succeeded by	Johnny Isakson
Personal details
Born	Newton Leroy McPherson June 17, 1943 (1943-06-17) (age 68) Harrisburg, Pennsylvania
Political party	Republican
Spouse(s)	Jackie Battley (1962–1981) Marianne Ginther (1981–2000) Callista Bisek (2000–present)
Children	Kathy Gingrich Lubbers (born 1963) Jackie Gingrich Cushman (born 1966)
Residence	Carrollton, Georgia (1979–1993, while in office) Marietta, Georgia (1993–1999, while in office) McLean, Virginia (1999–present)^[1]
Alma mater	Emory University (B.A.) Tulane University (M.A./PhD)
Occupation	Politician Author Assistant Professor
Religion	Roman Catholic^[2] (formerly Baptist, Lutheran)
Signature
This article is part of a series about Newt Gingrich 2012 presidential campaign Political positions Contract with America

Newton Leroy "Newt" Gingrich ( /ˈnuːt

ˈɡɪŋɡrɪtʃ/; born Newton Leroy McPherson; June 17, 1943) is an American politician, author, and political consultant who served as the 58th Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives from 1995 to 1999. He represented Georgia's 6th congressional district as a Republican from 1979 until his resignation in 1999. He is a candidate for the 2012 Republican Party presidential nomination.

Born in south central Pennsylvania to a teenage mother, Gingrich was adopted in infancy by his stepfather, a career soldier. Gingrich attended Emory University and received his Ph.D. from Tulane University. In the 1970s he taught history and geography at West Georgia College. During this period he mounted several campaigns for the United States House of Representatives, before winning the election of November 1978. He served as the House Minority Whip from 1989 to 1995.

A co-author and architect of the "Contract with America", Gingrich was at the forefront of Republican Party success in the 1994 congressional election. In 1995, Time named him "Man of the Year" for his role in ending 40 years of majority control by the Democratic Party. While he was House speaker, the House enacted welfare reform, passed a capital gains tax cut in 1997, and in 1998 passed the first balanced budget since 1969. As House speaker, his popularity within congress gradually diminished as he was increasingly seen as a lightning rod for controversy.^[3] He was disciplined in January 1997 by the House of Representatives for ethics accusations, although a full hearing was avoided. Following a poor Republican showing in the 1998 Congressional election, Gingrich announced his resignation (taking effect on January 3, 1999) from the House on November 5, 1998, under pressure from his Republican colleagues.

Since resigning from the House, Gingrich has remained active in public policy debates by working as a political consultant. He founded and chaired several policy think tanks including American Solutions for Winning the Future and the Center for Health Transformation. He has written or co-authored 27 books. In May 2011, he announced his intention to seek the Republican nomination to run for the U.S. presidency.

Contents

[hide]

· 1 Early life

· 2 Early political career

o 2.1 Congressional campaigns

o 2.2 In Congress

§ 2.2.1 "Republican Revolution" of 1994

· 3 Speaker of the House

o 3.1 Legislation

§ 3.1.1 Welfare reform

§ 3.1.2 Balancing the federal budget

§ 3.1.3 Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997

§ 3.1.4 Other legislation

o 3.2 Government shutdown

o 3.3 Ethics charges, reprimand and fine

o 3.4 Leadership challenge

o 3.5 Resignation

· 4 Post-speakership

o 4.1 Policy

o 4.2 Businesses

§ 4.2.1 Gingrich Group and the Center for Health Transformation

§ 4.2.2 Gingrich Productions

§ 4.2.3 Gingrich Communications

§ 4.2.4 Other

o 4.3 Political activity

o 4.4 Presidential campaign, 2012

· 5 Personal life

o 5.1 Marriages and children

o 5.2 Religion

o 5.3 Other interests

· 6 Political positions

· 7 Books and film

o 7.1 Nonfiction

o 7.2 Fiction

o 7.3 Films

· 8 See also

· 9 References

· 10 External links

Early life

Gingrich was born at the Harrisburg Hospital in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, on June 17, 1943, as Newton Leroy McPherson. His mother, Kathleen "Kit" (née Daugherty; 1925–2003), and father, Newton Searles McPherson (1923–1970),^{[citation needed]} married in September 1942, when she was 16 and McPherson was 19. The marriage fell apart within days.^[4][5][6] In 1946, his mother married Army officer Robert Gingrich (1925–1996), who adopted Newt.^[7]

Gingrich has three younger half-sisters, Candace Gingrich, Susan Gingrich, and Roberta Brown.^[7] Gingrich is of German, English, Scottish, and Irish descent,^[8] and was raised a Lutheran.^[9] Gingrich was raised in Hummelstown, near Harrisburg, and on military bases where Robert Gingrich was stationed.

In 1961, Gingrich graduated from Baker High School in Columbus, Georgia. He became interested in politics during his teen years while living in Orléans, France, where he visited the site of the Battle of Verdun and learned about the sacrifices made there and the importance of political leadership.^[10] Gingrich avoided the Vietnam War draft through deferments because he was a student and then a father. "Given everything I believe in, a large part of me thinks I should have gone over," he said in 1985.^[11]

Gingrich received a B.A. degree in history from Emory University in Atlanta in 1965, and an M.A. in 1968 and Ph.D. degree in modern European history degree in 1971, both from Tulane University in New Orleans.^[12] He spent six months in Brussels in 1969-70 working on his dissertation entitled "Belgian Education Policy in the Congo: 1945–1960".^[13] While at Tulane, Gingrich joined the St. Charles Avenue Baptist Church and was baptized by Reverend G. Avery Lee.^[14] In 1970, Gingrich joined the history department at West Georgia College as an assistant professor. In 1974 he moved to the geography department and was instrumental in establishing an interdisciplinary environmental studies program. Denied tenure, he left the college in 1978.^[15]

Early political career

Gingrich was the southern regional director for Nelson Rockefeller in 1968.^[16]

Congressional campaigns

In 1974, Gingrich made his first bid for political office as the Republican candidate in Georgia's 6th congressional district, which stretched from the southern Atlanta suburbs to the Alabama state line. He lost to 20-year incumbent Democrat Jack Flynt by 2,770 votes. Gingrich ran up huge margins in the more suburban areas of the district, but was unable to overcome Flynt's lead in the more rural areas.^[17] Gingrich's relative success came as a considerable shock on two fronts. Flynt had never faced a serious challenger—indeed, Gingrich was only the second Republican to even run against him.^[18] Additionally, 1974 was a disastrous year for Republicans nationally due to fallout from the Watergate scandal.

Gingrich sought a rematch in 1976, this time losing by 5,100 votes.^[19]

With Gingrich priming for another run in 1978, Flynt decided not to run for reelection and retired. Gingrich defeated Democratic State Senator Virginia Shapard by almost 9 points.^[20][21] Gingrich was re-elected six times from this district, only facing a close general election race once—in the House elections of 1990—when he held on by only 978 votes in a race against Democrat David Worley. Although the district was trending Republican at the national level, conservative Democrats continued to hold most local offices, as well as most of the area's seats in the General Assembly, well into the 1980s.

In Congress

Rep. Gingrich meets with President Ronald Reagan, 1985

In 1981, Gingrich co-founded the Congressional Military Reform Caucus (MRC) as well as the Congressional Aviation and Space Caucus. During the 1983 congressional page sex scandal, Gingrich was among those calling for the expulsion of representatives Dan Crane and Gerry Studds.^[22] Gingrich supported a proposal to ban loans from the International Monetary Fund to Communist countries and he endorsed a bill to make Martin Luther King, Jr.'s birthday a national holiday.^[23]

In 1983, he founded the Conservative Opportunity Society (COS), a group that included young conservative House Republicans. Early COS members included Robert Smith Walker, Judd Gregg, Dan Coats and Connie Mack III. The group expanded over time to comprise several dozen representatives^[24] who met each week to exchange and develop ideas.^[23]

Gingrich's analysis of polls and public opinion identified the group's initial focus.^[24] Ronald Reagan adopted the "opportunity society" ideas for his 1984 re-election campaign, supporting the group's conservative goals on economic growth, education, crime, and social issues, which he had not emphasized during his first term.^[25] Reagan also referenced an "opportunity" society in the first State of the Union address of his second term.^[24]

In May 1988, Gingrich (along with 77 other House members and Common Cause) brought ethics charges against Democratic Speaker Jim Wright, who was alleged to have used a book deal to circumvent campaign-finance laws and House ethics rules. During the investigation, it was noted Gingrich had his own unusual book deal, for Window of Opportunity, in which publicity expenses were covered by a limited partnership, which raised $105,000 from Republican political supporters to promote sales of Gingrich's book.^[26] Gingrich's success in forcing Wright's resignation was in part responsible for his rising influence in the Republican caucus.^[27]

In March 1989, Gingrich became the House Minority Whip in a close election against Edward Rell Madigan^[28] This was Gingrich's first formal position of power within the Republican party^[29] He stated his intention to "build a much more aggressive, activist party."^[28] Early in his role as Whip, in May 1989, Gingrich was involved in talks about the appointment of a Panamanian administrator of the Panama Canal, which was scheduled to occur in 1989 subject to U.S. government approval. Gingrich was outspoken in his opposition to giving control over the canal to an administrator appointed by the dictatorship in Panama.^[30]

Gingrich and others in the House, including the newly minted Gang of Seven, railed against what they saw as ethical lapses under Democratic control for almost 40 years. The House banking scandal and Congressional Post Office scandal were emblems of the exposed corruption. Gingrich himself was among the 450 members of the House who had engaged in check kiting; he had overdrafts on twenty-two checks, including a $9,463 check to the Internal Revenue Service in 1990.^[31]

As a result of the 1990 United States Census, Georgia picked up an additional seat for the 1992 U.S. House elections. However, the Democratic-controlled Georgia General Assembly eliminated the district that Gingrich represented, splitting its territory among three neighboring districts. Much of the southern portion of Gingrich's district, including his home in Carrollton, was drawn into the Columbus-based 3rd District, represented by five-term Democrat Richard Ray. At the same time, the Assembly created a new, heavily Republican 6th District in Fulton and Cobb counties in the wealthy northern suburbs of Atlanta—an area that Gingrich had never represented. However, Gingrich sold his home in Carrollton and moved to Marietta in the new 6th. His primary opponent, State Representative Herman Clark, made an issue out of Gingrich's 22 kited checks in the House Bank Scandal and also criticized Gingrich for moving into the district. After a recount Gingrich prevailed by only 980 votes, or a 51% to 49% result^[32]—all but assuring him of election in November. He was reelected three times from this district against only nominal Democratic opposition.

"Republican Revolution" of 1994

Main article: Republican Revolution

In the 1994 campaign season, in an effort to offer an alternative to Democratic policies and to unite distant wings of the Republican Party, Gingrich and several other Republicans came up with a Contract with America, which laid out ten policies that Republicans promised to bring to a vote on the House floor during the first hundred days of the new Congress, if they won the election.^[33] The contract was signed by Gingrich and other Republican candidates for the House of Representatives. The contract ranged from issues such as welfare reform, term limits, tougher crime laws, and a balanced budget law, to more specialized legislation such as restrictions on American military participation in United Nations missions.

In the November 1994 elections, Republicans gained 54 seats and took control of the House for the first time since 1954. Long-time House Minority Leader Bob Michel of Illinois had not run for re-election, giving Gingrich, the highest-ranking Republican returning to Congress, the inside track at becoming speaker. The midterm election that turned congressional power over to Republicans "changed the center of gravity" in the nation's capital.^[34]

In 1996, with assistance from influential pollster Frank Luntz, Gingrich wrote a GOPAC memo that encouraged Republicans to "speak like Newt" by describing Democrats and Democratic policies using words such as “corrupt,” "devour," "greed," "hypocrisy," "liberal," "sick," and "traitors."^[35]

Speaker of the House

Vice President Al Gore, President Bill Clinton and Newt Gingrich at the 1997 State of the Union Address

Congress fulfilled Gingrich's Contract promise to bring all ten of the Contract's issues to a vote within the first 100 days of the session, even though most legislation was initially held up in the Senate. Over the objection of liberal/progressive interest groups^[36] and President Clinton, who called it the "Contract on America".^[37]

Legislation proposed by the 104th United States Congress included term limits for Congressional Representatives, tax cuts, welfare reform, and a balanced budget amendment, as well as independent auditing of the finances of the House of Representatives and elimination of non-essential services such as the House barbershop and shoe-shine concessions. Following Gingrich's first two years as House Speaker, the Republican majority was re-elected in the 1996 election, the first time Republicans had done so in 68 years, and the first time simultaneously with a Democratic president winning re-election.^[38]

Legislation

Welfare reform

A central pledge of President Clinton's campaign was to reform the welfare system, adding changes such as work requirements for recipients. However, by 1994, the Clinton Administration appeared to be more concerned with universal health care and no details or a plan had emerged on welfare reform. Gingrich accused the President of stalling on welfare, and proclaimed that Congress could pass a welfare reform bill in as little as ninety days. Gingrich insisted that the Republican Party would continue to apply political pressure to the President to approve welfare legislation.^[39]

In 1996, after constructing two welfare reform bills that were vetoed by President Clinton,^[40] Gingrich and his supporters pushed for passage of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act, which was intended to reconstruct the welfare system. The act gave state governments more autonomy over welfare delivery, while also reducing the federal government's responsibilities. It instituted the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families program, which placed time limits on welfare assistance and replaced the longstanding Aid to Families with Dependent Children program. Other changes to the welfare system included stricter conditions for food stamp eligibility, reductions in immigrant welfare assistance, and recipient work requirements.^[41]

Gingrich negotiated with President Clinton by offering accurate information about his party's vote counts and by persuading conservative Republicans to vote for it.^[40] The bill was signed into law on August 22, 1996.

In his 1998 book Lessons Learned the Hard Way, Gingrich encouraged volunteerism and spiritual renewal, placing more importance on families, creating tax incentives and reducing regulations for businesses in poor neighborhoods, and increasing property ownership by low-income families. Gingrich praised Habitat for Humanity for sparking the movement to improve people's lives by helping them build their own homes.^[42]

Balancing the federal budget

A key aspect of the Contract with America was the promise of a balanced federal budget. After the end of the government shutdown, Gingrich and other Republican leaders acknowledged that Congress would not be able to draft a balanced budget in 1996. Instead, they opted to approve some small reductions that were already approved by the White House and to wait until the election season.^[43]

By May 1997, Republican congressional leaders reached a compromise with the Democrats and President Clinton on the federal budget. The agreement called for a federal spending plan designed to reduce the federal deficit and achieve a balanced budget by 2002. The plan included a total of $152 billion in Republican sponsored tax cuts over five years. Other major parts of the spending plan called for $115 billion to be saved through a restructuring of Medicare, $24 billion set aside to extend health insurance to children of the working poor, tax credits for college tuition, and a $2 billion welfare-to-work jobs initiative.^[44][45]

President Clinton signed the budget legislation in August 1997. At the signing, Gingrich gave credit to ordinary Americans stating, "It was their political will that brought the two parties together."^[46]

In early 1998, with the economy performing better than expected, increased tax revenues helped reduce the federal budget deficit to below $25 billion. Gingrich then called upon President Clinton to submit a balanced budget for 1999—three years ahead of schedule—which Clinton did, making it the first time the federal budget had been balanced since 1969.^[47]

Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997

In 1997 President Clinton signed into effect the Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997, which included the largest capital gains tax cut in U.S. history. Under the act, the profits on the sale of a personal residence ($500,000 for married couples, $250,000 for singles) were exempted if lived in for at least 2 years over the last 5. (This had previously been limited to a $125,000 once-in-a-lifetime exemption for those over 55.)^[48] There were also reductions in a number of other taxes on investment gains.^[49][50]

Additionally, the act raised the value of inherited estates and gifts that could be sheltered from taxation.^[50] Gingrich has been credited with creating the agenda for the reduction in capital gains tax, especially in the "Contract with America", which set out to balance the budget and implement decreases in estate and capital gains tax. Some Republicans felt that the compromise reached with Clinton on the budget and tax act was inadequate,^[51] however Gingrich has stated that the tax cuts were a significant accomplishment for the Republican Congress in the face of opposition from the Clinton administration.^[52]

Other legislation

Among the first pieces of legislation passed by the new Congress under Gingrich was the Congressional Accountability Act of 1995, which subjected members of Congress to the same laws that apply to businesses and their employees, including the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990. As a provision of the Contract with America, the law was symbolic of the new Republican majority's goal to remove some of the entitlements enjoyed by Congress. The bill received near universal acceptance from the House and Senate and was signed into law on January 23, 1995.^[53]

Gingrich shut down the highly regarded Office of Technology Assessment, and relied instead on what the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists called "self-interested lobbyists and think tanks".^[54]

Government shutdown

Main article: United States federal government shutdown of 1995 and 1996

Daily News cover illustrated by Ed Murawinski, showing Gingrich throwing a tantrum

Gingrich and the incoming Republican majority's promise to slow the rate of government spending conflicted with the president's agenda for Medicare, education, the environment and public health, leading to two temporary shutdowns of the federal government totaling 28 days.^[55]

Clinton said Republican amendments would strip the U.S. Treasury of its ability to dip into federal trust funds to avoid a borrowing crisis. Republican amendments would have limited appeals by death-row inmates, made it harder to issue health, safety and environmental regulations, and would have committed the president to a seven-year balanced budget. Clinton vetoed a second bill allowing the government to keep operating beyond the time when most spending authority expires.^[55]

A GOP amendment opposed by Clinton would have not only have increased Medicare Part B premiums, but it would also cancel a scheduled reduction. The Republicans held out for an increase in Medicare part B premiums in January 1996 to $53.50 a month. Clinton favored the then current law, which was to let the premium that seniors pay drop to $42.50.^[55]

The government closed most non-essential offices during the shutdown, which was the longest in U.S. history. The shutdown was ended when Clinton agreed to submit a CBO-approved balanced budget plan.^[56]

During the crisis, Gingrich's public image suffered from the perception that the Republicans' hardline budget stance owed partly to a snub by Clinton during the flight to and from Yitzhak Rabin's funeral in Israel.^[57] That perception developed after the trip when Gingrich told reporters he was dissatisfied that Clinton had not invited him to discuss the budget during the flight. He complained of being instructed to use the plane's rear exit to deplane, saying the snub was "part of why you ended up with us sending down a tougher continuing resolution".^[58]

Gingrich was lampooned for implying that the government shutdown was a result of his personal grievances, including a widely-shared editorial cartoon depicting him as having thrown a tantrum.^[59] Democratic leaders, including Chuck Schumer, took the opportunity to attack Gingrich's motives for the budget standoff.^[60][61] In 1998, Gingrich said that his comments were his "single most avoidable mistake" as Speaker.^[62]

Discussing the impact of the government shutdown on the Republican Party, Gingrich later commented that, "Everybody in Washington thinks that was a big mistake. They're exactly wrong. There had been no reelected Republican majority since 1928. Part of the reason we got reelected ... is our base thought we were serious. And they thought we were serious because when it came to a show-down, we didn't flinch."^[63] In a 2011 op-ed in The Washington Post, Gingrich said that the government shutdown led to the balanced-budget deal in 1997 and the first four consecutive balanced budgets since the 1920s, as well as the first re-election of a Republican majority since 1928.^[64]

Ethics charges, reprimand and fine

Eighty-four ethics charges were filed against Gingrich during his term as speaker, all by Democrats.^[65] Eighty-three of the charges were later dropped.^[65] After extensive investigation and negotiation by the House Ethics Committee, Gingrich was reprimanded and penalized $300,000 by a 395–28 House vote. It was the first time in the history of the House that a speaker was disciplined for an ethics violation.^[66]

In January 1997, Gingrich said "I did not manage the effort intensely enough to thoroughly direct or review information being submitted to the committee on my behalf. In my name and over my signature, inaccurate, incomplete and unreliable statements were given to the committee, but I did not intend to mislead the committee."^[67] All of the charges but one were dropped, in one case because there was no evidence that Gingrich was still violating, as of the time of the investigation, the rule that he was found to have violated in the past.^[65] The one charge not dropped was a charge of claiming tax-exempt status for a college course run for political purposes. In addition, the House Ethics Committee concluded that inaccurate information supplied to investigators represented "intentional or ... reckless" disregard of House rules.^[68]

The Ethics Committee's Special Counsel, James M. Cole, concluded that Gingrich had violated federal tax law and had lied to the ethics panel in an effort to force the committee to dismiss the complaint against him. The full committee panel did not agree whether tax law had been violated and left that issue up to the IRS.^[68] In 1999, the IRS cleared the organizations connected with the "Renewing American Civilization" courses under investigation for possible tax violations.^[69]

Leadership challenge

In the summer of 1997 several House Republicans attempted to replace him as Speaker, claiming Gingrich's public image was a liability. The attempted "coup" began July 9 with a meeting of Republican conference chairman John Boehner of Ohio and Republican leadership chairman Bill Paxon of New York. According to their plan, House Majority Leader Dick Armey, House Majority Whip Tom DeLay, Boehner and Paxon were to present Gingrich with an ultimatum: resign, or be voted out. However, Armey balked at the proposal to make Paxon the new Speaker, and told his chief of staff to warn Gingrich about the attempted coup.^[70]

On July 11, Gingrich met with senior Republican leadership to assess the situation. He explained that under no circumstance would he step down. If he was voted out, there would be a new election for Speaker, which would allow for the possibility that Democrats—along with dissenting Republicans—would vote in Dick Gephardt as Speaker. On July 16, Paxon offered to resign his post, feeling that he had not handled the situation correctly, as the only member of the leadership who had been appointed to his position—by Gingrich—instead of elected.^[71]

Resignation

Gingrich's official portrait as Speaker

Republicans lost five seats in the House in the 1998 elections—the worst midterm performance in 64 years for a party that didn't hold the presidency. Polls showed that the attempt to remove President Clinton from office, by Gingrich and the Republican Party, was deeply unpopular among voters.^[72] Gingrich suffered much of the blame for the election loss. Facing a rebellion in the Republican caucus, he announced on November 5, 1998, that he would not only stand down as Speaker, but would leave the House as well.^[73]

Gingrich made this announcement only a day after being elected to an 11th term from his district. Commenting on his departure, Gingrich said, "I'm willing to lead but I'm not willing to preside over people who are cannibals. My only fear would be that if I tried to stay, it would just overshadow whoever my successor is."^[73]

Post-speakership

Gingrich has since remained involved in national politics and public policy debate, especially on issues regarding healthcare, national security, and the role of religion in American public life.

Policy

In 2003 he founded the Center for Health Transformation to develop a 21st century healthcare system that is centered on the individual, prevention focused, knowledge intense, and innovation rich.^[74] Gingrich supported the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003, creating the Medicare Part D federal prescription drugs benefit program. Some conservatives have criticized him for favoring the plan, due to its cost. However, Gingrich has remained a supporter, stating in a 2011 interview that it was a necessary modernization of Medicare, which was created before pharmaceutical drugs became standard in medical care. He has said that the increase in cost from medication must be seen as preventive, leading to reduced need for medical procedures.^[75] In a May 15, 2011, interview on Meet the Press, Gingrich repeated his long-held belief that "all of us have a responsibility to pay—help pay for health care", and suggested this could be implemented by either a mandate to obtain health insurance or a requirement to post a bond ensuring coverage.^[76][77] In the same interview Gingrich said "I don't think right wing social engineering is any more desirable than left wing social engineering. I don't think imposing radical change from the right or the left is a very good way for a free society to operate." This comment caused a great deal of back-lash within the Republican Party.^[76][77] Gingrich has also been an advocate for health information technology. In 2005, together with Hillary Rodham Clinton he announced the proposal of the 21st Century Health Information Act, a bill which aimed to replace paperwork with confidential, electronic health information networks.^[78] Gingrich also co-chaired an independent congressional study group made up of health policy experts formed in 2007 to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of action taken within the U.S. to fight Alzheimer's disease.^[79]

Gingrich has served on several commissions, including the Hart-Rudman Commission, formally known as the U.S. Commission on National Security/21st Century, which examined issues affecting the armed forces, law enforcement and intelligence agencies with regards to national security.^[80] In 2005 he became the co-chair of a task force for UN reform, which aimed to produce a plan for the U.S. to help strengthen the UN.^[81] For over two decades, Gingrich has taught at the United States Air Force's Air University, where he is the longest-serving teacher of the Joint Flag Officer Warfighting Course.^[82] In addition, he is an honorary Distinguished Visiting Scholar and Professor at the National Defense University and teaches officers from all of the defense services.^[83][84] Gingrich informally advised Defense secretary Donald Rumsfeld on strategic issues, on issues including the Israeli–Palestinian conflict and encouraging the Pentagon to not "yield" foreign policy influence to the State Department and National Security Council.^[85] Gingrich is also a guiding coalition member of the Project on National Security Reform.

In September 2007, Gingrich founded the 527 group American Solutions for Winning the Future. The stated mission of the group is to become the "leading grassroots movement to recruit, educate, and empower citizen activists and elected officials to develop solutions to transform all levels of government". Gingrich spoke of the group and its objectives at the CPAC conference of 2008 and currently serves as its General Chairman.^[86] Other organizations and companies founded or chaired by Gingrich include the creative production company Gingrich Productions,^[87] and religious educational organization Renewing American Leadership.^[88]

Gingrich is also a fellow at conservative think tanks the American Enterprise Institute and Hoover Institution, focusing on U.S. politics, world history, national security policy, and environmental policy issues. He sometimes serves as a commentator, guest or panel member on cable news shows, such as the Fox News Channel. He is listed as a contributor by Fox News Channel, and frequently appears as a guest on various segments; he has also hosted occasional specials for the Fox News Channel. Gingrich is a proponent of the Lean Six Sigma management techniques for waste reduction,^[89] and has signed the "Strong America Now" pledge committing to promoting the methods to reduce government spending.^[90]

Businesses

After leaving Congress in 1999, Gingrich started a number of for-profit companies:^[91] Between 2001 and 2010, the companies he and his wife owned in full or part had revenues of almost $100 million.^[92]

According to financial disclosure forms released in July 2011, Gingrich and his wife had a net worth of at least $6.7 million in 2010, compared to a maximum net worth of $2.4 million in 2006. Most of the increase in his net worth was because of payments to him from his for-profit companies.^[93]

Gingrich Group and the Center for Health Transformation

The Gingrich Group was organized in 1999 as a consulting company. Over time, its non-health clients were dropped, and it was renamed the Center for Health Transformation. In 2011, when he became a presidential candidate, Gingrich sold his interest in the business.^[94] It continues to sell many Gingrich-related books, videos, and other products.^[95]

The two companies had revenues of $55 million between 2001 and 2010.^[96] The revenues came from more than 300 members and clients, with membership costing as much as $200,000 per year.^[92]

Between 2001 and 2010, Gingrich consulted for Freddie Mac, a government-sponsored secondary home mortgage company, which was concerned about new regulations under consideration by Congress. Regarding payments of $1.6 million for the consulting,^[96] Gingrich said that "Freddie Mac paid Gingrich Group, which has a number of employees and a number of offices a consulting fee, just like you would pay any other consulting firm."^[97] In January 2012, he said that he could not make public his contract with Freddie Mac, even though the company gave permission, until his business partners in the Center for Health Transformation also agreed to that.^[98]

In mid-November 2011, Gingrich said he would release the full list of his clients and the amounts he was paid, "to the extent we can".^[96]

Gingrich Productions

Gingrich Productions, which is headed by Gingrich's wife Callista Gingrich, was created in 2007. According to the company’s website, in May 2011, it is “a performance and production company featuring the work of Newt and Callista Gingrich. Newt and Callista host and produce historical and public policy documentaries, write books, record audio books and voiceovers, produce photographic essays, and make television and radio appearances.”^[94]

Between 2008 and 2011, the company produced three films on religion,^[99] one on energy, one on Ronald Reagan, and one on the threat of radical Islam. All were joint projects with the conservative group Citizens United.^[100] In 2011, Newt and Callista appeared in A City Upon a Hill, on the subject of American exceptionalism.^[101]

As of May 2011, the company had about five employees. In 2010, it paid Gingrich more than $2.4 million.^[93]

Gingrich Communications

Gingrich Communications promoted Gingrich’s public appearances, including his Fox News contract and his website, newt.org.^[94] Gingrich received as much as $60,000 for a speech, and did as many as 80 in a year.^[92] One of Gingrich's nonprofit groups, Renewing American Leadership, which was founded in March 2009,^[100] paid Gingrich Communications $220,000 over two years; the charity shared the names of its donors with Gingrich, who could use them for his for-profit companies.^[102]

Gingrich Communications, which employed 15 people at its largest, closed in 2011 when Gingrich began his presidential campaign.^[94]

Other

· Celebrity Leaders is a booking agency that handled Gingrich's speaking engagements, as well as those other clients such as former Republican National Committee chair Michael Steele and former Pennsylvania Senator Rick Santorum.^[91] Kathy Lubbers, the President and CEO of the agency,^[103] who is Gingrich's daughter, owns the agency. Gingrich has shares in the agency, and was paid more than $70,000 by it in 2010.^[104]

· FGH Publications handles the production of and royalties from fiction books co-authored by Gingrich.^[94]

Political activity

Between 2005 and 2007, Gingrich expressed interest in running for the 2008 Republican presidential nomination.^[105] On October 13, 2005, Gingrich suggested he was considering a run for president, saying, "There are circumstances where I will run", elaborating that those circumstances would be if no other candidate champions some of the platform ideas he advocates. On September 28, 2007, Gingrich announced that if his supporters pledged $30 million to his campaign by October 21, he would seek the nomination.

However, insisting that he had "pretty strongly" considered running,^[106] on September 29 spokesman Rick Tyler said that Gingrich would not seek the presidency in 2008 because he could not continue to serve as chairman of American Solutions if he did so.^[107] Citing campaign finance law restrictions (the McCain-Feingold campaign law would have forced him to leave his American Solutions political organization if he declared his candidacy), Gingrich said, "I wasn't prepared to abandon American Solutions, even to explore whether a campaign was realistic."^[108]

During the 2009 special election in New York's 23rd congressional district, Gingrich endorsed moderate Republican candidate Dede Scozzafava, rather than Conservative Party candidate Doug Hoffman, who had been endorsed by several nationally prominent Republicans.^[109] He was heavily criticized for this endorsement, with conservatives questioning his candidacy for President in 2012^[110][111] and even comparing him to Benedict Arnold, a traitor during America's War of Independence.^[112] Gingrich has since regretted his decision.^[113]

Presidential campaign, 2012

Main article: Newt Gingrich presidential campaign, 2012

In late 2008 several political commentators, including Marc Ambinder in The Atlantic^[114] and Robert Novak in The Washington Post,^[115] identified Gingrich as a top presidential contender in the 2012 election, with Ambinder reporting that Gingrich was "already planting some seeds in Iowa, New Hampshire". A July 2010 poll conducted by Public Policy Polling indicated that Gingrich was the leading GOP contender for the Republican nomination with 23% of likely Republican voters saying they would vote for him.^[116]

Describing his views as a possible candidate during an appearance on On the Record with Greta Van Susteren in March 2009, Gingrich said, "I am very sad that a number of Republicans do not understand that this country is sick of earmarks. [Americans] are sick of politicians taking care of themselves. They are sick of their money being spent in a way that is absolutely indefensible ... I think you're going to see a steady increase in the number of incumbents who have opponents because the American taxpayers are increasingly fed up."^[117]

On March 3, 2011, Gingrich officially announced a website entitled "Newt Exploratory 2012" in lieu of a formal exploratory committee for exploration of a potential presidential run.^[118] On May 11, 2011, Gingrich officially announced his intention to seek the GOP nomination in 2012.

On June 9, 2011, a group of Gingrich's senior campaign aides left the campaign en masse, leading to doubts about the viability of his presidential run.^[119] On June 21, 2011, two more senior aides left.^[120][121] In response, Gingrich stated that he had not quit the race for the Republican nomination, and pointed to his experience running for 5 years to win his seat in Congress, spending 16 years helping to build a Republican majority in the house and working for decades to build a Republican majority in Georgia.^[122] Some commentators noted Gingrich's resilience throughout his career, in particular with regards to his presidential campaign.^[123][124]

Those who had touted Gingrich's resilience were soon vindicated. After then-front-runner Herman Cain was damaged by allegations that he had sexually harassed employees during his tenure as head of the National Restaurant Association, Gingrich gained support, and quickly became a contender in the race. By December 4, 2011, Gingrich was leading in the national polls.^[125] By the middle of December, Gingrich's lead in the national polls had fallen to a tie with Mitt Romney.^[126]

On January 3, 2012, Gingrich finished in fourth place in the Iowa Republican caucuses, finishing far behind Rick Santorum, Romney, and Ron Paul.^[127] On January 10, 2012, Gingrich finished in fifth place in the New Hampshire Republican primary, finishing far behind Romney, Santorum, Jon Huntsman, and Paul.^[128][129]

On January 21, 2012, Gingrich won the South Carolina Republican primary, obtaining about 40% of the vote.^[130]

Personal life

Marriages and children

It has been suggested that Callista Gingrich be merged into this article or section. (Discuss) Proposed since January 2012.

Gingrich has married three times. In 1962, he married Jackie Battley, his former high school geometry teacher, when he was 19 years old and she was 26.^[131][132] They have two daughters from their marriage: Kathy Gingrich Lubbers is president of Gingrich Communications,^[133] and Jackie Gingrich Cushman is an author, conservative columnist, and political commentator^[134] whose books include 5 Principles for a Successful Life, co-authored with Newt Gingrich.^[135]

In the spring of 1980, Gingrich left his wife after beginning an affair with Marianne Ginther.^[136][137] In 1984, Jackie Gingrich told The Washington Post that the divorce was a "complete surprise" to her. According to Jackie, in September 1980, Gingrich and their children visited her while she was in the hospital, recovering from surgery, and Gingrich wanted to discuss the terms of their divorce.^[138] Gingrich has disputed that account.^[139] In 2011 their daughter, Jackie Gingrich Cushman, said that it was her mother who requested the divorce, that it happened prior to the hospital stay, and that Gingrich's visit was for the purpose of bringing the couple's children to see their mother, not to discuss the divorce.^[140] Although Gingrich's presidential campaign staff continued to insist in 2011 that his wife requested the divorce, court documents obtained by CNN from Carroll County, Georgia, indicated that Jackie had asked a judge to block the process stating that although "she has adequate and ample grounds for divorce... she does not desire one at this time [and] does not admit that this marriage is irretrievably broken."^[141]

According to L. H. Carter, Gingrich's campaign treasurer, Gingrich said of his first wife: "She's not young enough or pretty enough to be the wife of the President. And besides, she has cancer."^[142][143] Gingrich has denied saying it. His supporters dismiss Carter as a disgruntled former aide who was miffed at not being asked to accompany Gingrich to Washington.^[144]

In 1981, six months after the divorce from Jackie Gingrich was final, Gingrich wed Marianne Ginther.^{[145][146][147][148]} In 1993, while still married to Marianne, Gingrich began an affair with House of Representatives staffer Callista Bisek, who was 23 years his junior.^[149] Gingrich and his second wife were divorced in 2000 having produced no children. On January 19, 2012, Marianne Gingrich alleged in an interview on ABC's Nightline that she had declined to accept Gingrich's suggestion of an open marriage.^[150] This allegation was disputed by Gingrich during the South Carolina primary debate on the same day, claiming that the story was false.^[151] Marianne Gingrich re-affirmed the story the next day.^[152]

In 2000, Gingrich married Callista Bisek shortly after his divorce from second wife Marianne was finalized. He and Callista currently live in McLean, Virginia.^[153] In a 2011 interview with David Brody of the Christian Broadcasting Network, Gingrich addressed his past infidelities by saying, "There's no question at times in my life, partially driven by how passionately I felt about this country, that I worked too hard and things happened in my life that were not appropriate."^[147][148] In December 2011, after the group Iowans for Christian Leaders in Government requested that he sign their so-called "Marriage Vow", Gingrich sent a lengthy written response. It included his pledge to "uphold personal fidelity to my spouse".^[154]

Religion

Gingrich was raised a Lutheran.^[155] In graduate school he was a Southern Baptist, and he converted to Catholicism, Bisek's faith, on March 29, 2009.^[156][157] He said "over the course of several years, I gradually became Catholic and then decided one day to accept the faith I had already come to embrace." The moment when he decided to officially become a Catholic was when he saw Pope Benedict XVI on his visit to the United States in 2008: "Catching a glimpse of Pope Benedict that day, I was struck by the happiness and peacefulness he exuded. The joyful and radiating presence of the Holy Father was a moment of confirmation about the many things I had been thinking and experiencing for several years."^[158] Gingrich has stated that he has developed a greater appreciation for the role of faith in public life following his conversion, and believes that the United States has become too secular. At a 2011 appearance in Columbus, Ohio, he said, "In America, religious belief is being challenged by a cultural elite trying to create a secularized America, in which God is driven out of public life."^[99]

Other interests

Gingrich has been a prolific amateur reviewer of books, especially of military histories and spy novels, for Amazon.com. According to Katherine Mangu-Ward at The Weekly Standard, it is "clear that Newt is fascinated by tipping points—moments where new technology or new ideas cause revolutionary change in the way the world works".^[159]

Gingrich has written about his interest in animals.^[160][161] Gingrich's first engagement in civic affairs was speaking to the city council in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, about why the city should establish its own zoo. Gingrich wrote the introduction to America's Best Zoos^[162] and he is a dinosaur enthusiast. A New Yorker writer said of his 1995 book To Renew America: "Charmingly, he has retained his enthusiasm for the extinct giants into middle age. In addition to including breakthroughs in dinosaur research on his list of futuristic wonders, he specified 'people interested in dinosaurs' as a prime example of who might benefit from his education proposals."^[163]

Gingrich is interested in space exploration, originating in a fascination with the United States/Soviet Union Space Race during his teenage years.^[164] Gingrich wants the U.S. to pursue new achievements in space, such as sustaining civilizations beyond Earth.^[165] He advocates relying more on the private sector and less on NASA to drive progress.^[166] As of 2010^[update], Gingrich serves on the National Space Society Board of Governors.^[167]

Political positions

Main article: Political positions of Newt Gingrich

Gingrich is most widely identified with the 1994 Contract with America.^[168] He is a founder of American Solutions for Winning the Future. More recently, Gingrich has advocated replacing the Environmental Protection Agency with a proposed "Environmental Solutions Agency".^[169]

He favors a strong immigration border policy and a guest worker program^[170] and a flex-fuel mandate for cars sold in the U.S.^[171]

In 2007, Gingrich authored a book, Rediscovering God in America, arguing that the Founding Fathers actively intended the new republic to not only allow, but encourage, religious expression in the public square. Following publication of the book, he was invited by Jerry Falwell to be the speaker for the second time at Liberty University's graduation, on May 19, 2007, due to Gingrich having, "dedicated much of his time to calling America back to our Christian heritage".^[172]

Gingrich's later books take a large-scale policy focus, including Winning the Future, and the most recent, To Save America. Gingrich has identified education as "the number one factor in our future prosperity", and has partnered with Al Sharpton and Education Secretary Arne Duncan on education issues.^[173]

Books and film

Nonfiction

Gingrich has authored or co-authored 18 non-fiction books since 1982.

· The Government's Role in Solving Societal Problems, Associated Faculty Press, Incorporated. January 1982 ISBN 978-0-86733-026-7

· Window of Opportunity. Tom Doherty Associates, December 1985. ISBN 978-0-312-93923-6

· Contract with America (co-editor). Times Books, December 1994. ISBN 978-0-8129-2586-9

· Restoring the Dream. Times Books, May 1995. ISBN 978-0-8129-2666-8

· Quotations from Speaker Newt. Workman Publishing Company, Inc., July 1995. ISBN 978-0-7611-0092-8

· To Renew America. Farrar Straus & Giroux, July 1996. ISBN 978-0-06-109539-9

· Lessons Learned The Hard Way. HarperCollins Publishers, May 1998 ISBN 978-0-06-019106-1

· Presidential Determination Regarding Certification of the Thirty-Two Major Illicit Narcotics Producing and Transit Countries. DIANE Publishing Company, September 1999. ISBN 978-0-7881-3186-8

· Saving Lives and Saving Money. Alexis de Tocqueville Institution, April 2003. ISBN 978-0-9705485-4-2

· Winning the Future. Regnery Publishing, January 2005. ISBN 978-0-89526-042-0

· Rediscovering God in America: Reflections on the Role of Faith in Our Nation's History and Future, Integrity Publishers, October 2006. ISBN 978-1-59145-482-3

· The Art of Transformation, with Nancy Desmond. CHT Press, November 29, 2006, ISBN 978-1-933966-00-7

· A Contract with the Earth, with Terry L. Maple. Johns Hopkins University Press, October 1, 2007. ISBN 978-0-8018-8780-2

· Real Change: From the World That Fails to the World That Works, Regnery Publishing, January 2008. ISBN 978-1-59698-053-2

· Drill Here, Drill Now, Pay Less: A Handbook for Slashing Gas Prices and Solving Our Energy Crisis, with Vince Haley. Regnery Publishing, September 2008 ISBN 978-1-59698-576-6

· 5 Principles for a Successful Life: From Our Family to Yours, with Jackie Gingrich Cushman, Crown Publishing Group, May 2009 ISBN 978-0-307-46232-9

· To Save America: Stopping Obama's Secular-Socialist Machine, with Joe DeSantis. Regnery Publishing, May 2010 ISBN 978-1-59698-596-4

· A Nation Like No Other: Why American Exceptionalism Matters, Regnery Publishing, June 2011 ISBN 978-1-59698-271-0

Fiction

Gingrich co-wrote the following alternate history novels and series of novels with William R. Forstchen.

· 1945 Baen Books, August 1995 ISBN 978-0-671-87739-2

Civil War Series

· Gettysburg: A Novel of the Civil War Thomas Dunne Books, June 2003 ISBN 978-0-312-30935-0

· Grant Comes East Thomas Dunne Books, June 2004 ISBN 978-0-312-30937-4

· Never Call Retreat: Lee and Grant: The Final Victory Thomas Dunne Books, June 2005 ISBN 978-0-312-34298-2

· The Battle of the Crater: A Novel Thomas Dunne Books, November 2011 ISBN 978-0-312-60710-4

Pacific War Series

· Pearl Harbor: A Novel of December 8th Thomas Dunne Books, May 2007 ISBN 978-0-312-36350-5

· Days of Infamy Thomas Dunne Books, April 2008 ISBN 978-0-312-36351-2

Revolutionary War Series

· To Try Men's Souls: A Novel of George Washington and the Fight for American Freedom, October 2009, ISBN 978-0-312-59106-9

· Valley Forge: George Washington and the Crucible of Victory, November 2010, ISBN 978-0-312-59107-6

Films

· Nine Days that Changed the World, Gingrich Productions, April 2010^[174]

See also

· Kemp Commission

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147. ^ ^{a b} Newt Gingrich tells The Brody File he 'felt compelled to seek God’s forgiveness', The Brody File, Christian Broadcasting Network, March 8, 2011

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Books

· Fenno Jr., Richard F. (2000). Congress at the Grassroots: Representational Change in the South, 1970–1998. UNC Press. ISBN 0-8078-4855-7.

· Strahan, Randall (2007). Leading Representatives: The Agency of Leaders in the Politics of the U.S. House. Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 0-8018-8691-0.

Journals

· Little, Thomas H. (1998). "On the Coattails of a Contract: RNC Activities and Republicans Gains in the 1994 State Legislative Elections". Political Research Quarterly 51 (1): 173–190.

External links

Find more about Newt Gingrich on Wikipedia's sister projects:
	Definitions and translations from Wiktionary
	Images and media from Commons
	Learning resources from Wikiversity
	News stories from Wikinews
	Quotations from Wikiquote
	Source texts from Wikisource
	Textbooks from Wikibooks

· Newt 2012 official campaign site

· Newt Gingrich at YouTube

· Column archives at Human Events

· Biography at WhoRunsGov.com at The Washington Post

· Biography at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress

· Voting record maintained by The Washington Post

· Congressional profile at GovTrack

· Issue positions and quotes at On The Issues

· Financial information at OpenSecrets.org

· Campaign finance reports and data at the Federal Election Commission

· Appearances on C-SPAN programs

· Appearances on Charlie Rose

· Appearances at the Internet Movie Database

· Collected news and commentary at The New York Times

· Collected news and commentary at The Wall Street Journal

· Collected news and commentary at The Guardian

· Works by or about Newt Gingrich in libraries (WorldCat

catalog)

· Titles List Library of Congress Online Catalog

· FEC reports (U.S. House)

· Booknotes interview with Gingrich on To Renew America, July 23, 1995.

· The Long March of Newt Gingrich PBS Frontline, Peter Boyer and Stephen Talbot, January 16, 1996. transcript chronology interviews work and writings

· Biography at The American Enterprise Institute

· Biography at The Hoover Institute

· Newt Gingrich at the Open Directory Project

United States House of Representatives
Preceded by Jack Flynt	Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Georgia's 6th congressional district 1979–1999	Succeeded by Johnny Isakson
Party political offices
Preceded by Dick Cheney	Minority Whip of the House of Representatives 1989–1995	Succeeded by Tom DeLay
Political offices
Preceded by Tom Foley	Speaker of the United States House of Representatives 1995–1999	Succeeded by Dennis Hastert
Business positions
New title	Chief Executive Officer of Center for Health Transformation 2003-2011	Succeeded by Nancy Desmond
Non-profit organization positions
New title	Chairman of American Solutions for Winning the Future 2007-2011	Succeeded by Joe Gaylord